IUCN Taxonomic Status of Giraffes Report Recipe

Recipes

The following recipe is based on a recently published IUCN report on the taxonomic status of Giraffes (IUCN SSC Giraffe and Okapi Specialist Group Taxonomic Task Force, 2025 [iucn_ssc_giraffe_and_okapi_specialist_group_taxonomic_task_force_evaluation_2025]). The report recognises four species and eight subspecies of Giraffe, while at the time the last assessment for the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (Muller et al., 2018 [muller_giraffa_2018]) was made only a single species with nine subspecies was recognised.

This recipe compares the four-species classification of the present IUCN report with the single-species classification (Dagg, 1971 [dagg_giraffa_1971]) that underpinned the Red List assessment. In the full code in GitHub an eight-species classification (Groves & Grubb, 2011 [groves_ungulate_2011]) is also included, as well as a much older classification that recognises two species and 11 subspecies (Lydekker, 1904 [lydekker_subspecies_1904]).

Taxon Concepts

IUCN 2025

Giraffa

Giraffa camelopardalis (Northern giraffe)

Giraffa camelopardalis peralta (West African giraffe)

Giraffa camelopardalis antiquorum (Kordofan giraffe)

Giraffa camelopardalis camelopardalis (Nubian giraffe)

Giraffa reticulata (Reticulated giraffe)

Giraffa tippelskirchi (Masai giraffe)

Giraffa tippelskirchi tippelskirchi (Masai giraffe)

Giraffa tippelskirchi thornicrofti (Luangwa giraffe)

Giraffa giraffa (Southern giraffe)

Giraffa giraffa giraffa (South African giraffe)

Giraffa giraffa angolensis (Angolan giraffe)

_:tc33 a tcs:TaxonConcept ;
    dcterms:title "Giraffa sec. IUCN 2025" ;
    tcs:taxonName <zoobank:29a6803b-c1d8-4460-96c7-cc006095413f> ;
    tcs:accordingTo _:ref0 ;
    tcs:taxonRank <http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/rank/genus> ;
    tcs:vernacularName [ a gbif:VernacularName ;
            dwc:vernacularName "Giraffe" ] .

_:tc20 a tcs:TaxonConcept ;
    dcterms:title "Giraffa camelopardalis sec. IUCN 2025" ;
    tcs:taxonName _:tn1 ;
    tcs:accordingTo _:ref0 ;
    tcs:taxonRank <http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/rank/species> ;
    tcs:parentTaxonConcept _:tc33 ;
    tcs:vernacularName [ a gbif:VernacularName ;
            dwc:vernacularName "Northern giraffe" ] .

_:tc21 a tcs:TaxonConcept ;
    dcterms:title "Giraffa camelopardalis peralta sec. IUCN 2025" ;
    tcs:taxonName <zoobank:a1d014fd-cdbf-4eaf-a979-100186fc2f41> ;
    tcs:accordingTo _:ref0 ;
    tcs:taxonRank <http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/rank/subspecies> ;
    tcs:parentTaxonConcept _:tc20 ;
    tcs:vernacularName [ a gbif:VernacularName ;
            dwc:vernacularName "West African giraffe" ] .

_:tc22 a tcs:TaxonConcept ;
    dcterms:title "Giraffa camelopardalis antiquorum sec. IUCN 2025" ;
    tcs:taxonName _:tn3 ;
    tcs:accordingTo _:ref0 ;
    tcs:taxonRank <http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/rank/subspecies> ;
    tcs:parentTaxonConcept _:tc20 ;
    tcs:vernacularName [ a gbif:VernacularName ;
            dwc:vernacularName "Kordofan giraffe" ] .

_:tc23 a tcs:TaxonConcept ;
    dcterms:title "Giraffa camelopardalis camelopardalis sec. IUCN 2025" ;
    tcs:taxonName _:tn2 ;
    tcs:accordingTo _:ref0 ;
    tcs:taxonRank <http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/rank/subspecies> ;
    tcs:parentTaxonConcept _:tc20 ;
    tcs:vernacularName [ a gbif:VernacularName ;
            dwc:vernacularName "Nubian giraffe" ] .

_:tc24 a tcs:TaxonConcept ;
    dcterms:title "Giraffa reticulata sec. IUCN 2025" ;
    tcs:taxonName _:tn0 ;
    tcs:accordingTo _:ref0 ;
    tcs:taxonRank <http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/rank/species> ;
    tcs:parentTaxonConcept _:tc33 ;
    tcs:vernacularName [ a gbif:VernacularName ;
            dwc:vernacularName "Reticulated giraffe" ] .

_:tc25 a tcs:TaxonConcept ;
    dcterms:title "Giraffa tippelskirchi sec. IUCN 2025" ;
    tcs:taxonName <zoobank:fc4e3aca-4e59-4fae-a052-f220b4a5c70b> ;
    tcs:accordingTo _:ref0 ;
    tcs:taxonRank <http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/rank/species> ;
    tcs:parentTaxonConcept _:tc33 ;
    tcs:vernacularName [ a gbif:VernacularName ;
            dwc:vernacularName "Masai giraffe" ] .

_:tc26 a tcs:TaxonConcept ;
    dcterms:title "Giraffa tippelskirchi tippelskirchi sec. IUCN 2025" ;
    tcs:taxonName _:tn26 ;
    tcs:accordingTo _:ref0 ;
    tcs:taxonRank <http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/rank/subspecies> ;
    tcs:parentTaxonConcept _:tc25 ;
    tcs:vernacularName [ a gbif:VernacularName ;
            dwc:vernacularName "Masai giraffe" ] .

_:tc27 a tcs:TaxonConcept ;
    dcterms:title "Giraffa tippelskirchi thornicrofti sec. IUCN 2025" ;
    tcs:taxonName _:tn28 ;
    tcs:accordingTo _:ref0 ;
    tcs:taxonRank <http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/rank/subspecies> ;
    tcs:parentTaxonConcept _:tc25 ;
    tcs:vernacularName [ a gbif:VernacularName ;
            dwc:vernacularName "Luangwa giraffe" ] ,
        [ a gbif:VernacularName ;
            dwc:vernacularName "Thornicroft's giraffe" ] .

_:tc28 a tcs:TaxonConcept ;
    dcterms:title "Giraffa giraffa sec. IUCN 2025" ;
    tcs:taxonName _:tn22 ;
    tcs:accordingTo _:ref0 ;
    tcs:taxonRank <http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/rank/species> ;
    tcs:parentTaxonConcept _:tc33 ;
    tcs:vernacularName [ a gbif:VernacularName ;
            dwc:vernacularName "Southern giraffe" ] .

_:tc29 a tcs:TaxonConcept ;
    dcterms:title "Giraffa giraffa giraffa sec. IUCN 2025" ;
    tcs:taxonName _:tn27 ;
    tcs:accordingTo _:ref0 ;
    tcs:taxonRank <http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/rank/subspecies> ;
    tcs:parentTaxonConcept _:tc25 ;
    tcs:vernacularName [ a gbif:VernacularName ;
            dwc:vernacularName "South African giraffe" ] .

_:tc30 a tcs:TaxonConcept ;
    dcterms:title "Giraffa giraffa angolensis sec. IUCN 2025" ;
    tcs:taxonName _:tn27 ;
    tcs:accordingTo _:ref0 ;
    tcs:taxonRank <http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/rank/subspecies> ;
    tcs:parentTaxonConcept _:tc25 ;
    tcs:vernacularName [ a gbif:VernacularName ;
            dwc:vernacularName "Angolan giraffe" ] .

Dagg 1971

Giraffa

Giraffa camelopardalis

Giraffa camelopardalis camelopardalis

Giraffa camelopardalis antiquorum

Giraffa camelopardalis peralta

Giraffa camelopardalis reticulata

Giraffa camelopardalis rothschildi

Giraffa camelopardalis tippelskirchi

Giraffa camelopardalis thornicrofti

Giraffa camelopardalis angolensis

Giraffa camelopardalis giraffa

_:tc34 a tcs:TaxonConcept ;
    dcterms:title "Giraffa sec. Dagg 1971" ;
    tcs:taxonName <zoobank:29a6803b-c1d8-4460-96c7-cc006095413f> ;
    tcs:accordingTo <https://doi.org/10.2307/3503830> ;
    tcs:taxonRank <http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/rank/genus> ;
    tcs:synonym <https://zoobank.org/NomenclaturalActs/092ff21a-bd6b-4eb3-a27b-c74943868b9e> .

_:tc35 a tcs:TaxonConcept ;
    dcterms:title "Giraffa camelopardalis sec. Dagg 1971" ;
    tcs:taxonName "_:tn1" ;
    tcs:accordingTo <https://doi.org/10.2307/3503830> ;
    tcs:taxonRank <http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/rank/species> ;
    tcs:parentTaxonConcept _:tc34 ;
    tcs:synonym <zoobank:d877e595-ff30-4d86-b4bd-39d06e5e2cf3> ,
        <zoobank:6b9469dc-6f06-4fba-911b-c08c2667278f> ,
        <zoobank:e6851c80-2e77-4a51-bbbc-7179249e9d5c> ,
        _:tn14 ,
        <zoobank:507a1a9e-dcf8-4c92-a94d-2ad984ad8f46> ,
        <zoobank:fc4e3aca-4e59-4fae-a052-f220b4a5c70b> ,
        <zoobank:aed6605c-7811-4260-9c4c-21b26b946e5d> ,
        <zoobank:f4bc8451-d2f8-41be-a900-e61af09734b6> .

_:tc36 a tcs:TaxonConcept ;
    dcterms:title "Giraffa camelopardalis camelopardalis sec. Dagg 1971" ;
    tcs:taxonName _:tn2 ;
    tcs:accordingTo <https://doi.org/10.2307/3503830> ;
    tcs:taxonRank <http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/rank/subspecies> ;
    tcs:parentTaxonConcept _:tc35 ;
    tcs:synonym <zoobank:e6851c80-2e77-4a51-bbbc-7179249e9d5c> .

_:tc37 a tcs:TaxonConcept ;
    dcterms:title "Giraffa camelopardalis antiquorum sec. Dagg 1971" ;
    tcs:taxonName _:tn3 ;
    tcs:accordingTo <https://doi.org/10.2307/3503830> ;
    tcs:taxonRank <http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/rank/subspecies> ;
    tcs:parentTaxonConcept _:tc35 ;
    tcs:synonym <zoobank:507a1a9e-dcf8-4c92-a94d-2ad984ad8f46> .

_:tc38 a tcs:TaxonConcept ;
    dcterms:title "Giraffa camelopardalis peralta sec. Dagg 1971" ;
    tcs:taxonName <zoobank:a1d014fd-cdbf-4eaf-a979-100186fc2f41> ;
    tcs:accordingTo <https://doi.org/10.2307/3503830> ;
    tcs:taxonRank <http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/rank/subspecies> ;
    tcs:parentTaxonConcept _:tc35 .

_:tc39 a tcs:TaxonConcept ;
    dcterms:title "Giraffa camelopardalis reticulata sec. Dagg 1971" ;
    tcs:taxonName <zoobank:3ac03875-1c25-49a5-96c5-981b87cfa73a> ;
    tcs:accordingTo <https://doi.org/10.2307/3503830> ;
    tcs:taxonRank <http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/rank/subspecies> ;
    tcs:parentTaxonConcept _:tc35 ;
    tcs:synonym <zoobank:f4bc8451-d2f8-41be-a900-e61af09734b6> ,
        <zoobank:5bdb022d-954d-42d4-b6ca-a273af39789f> .

_:tc40 a tcs:TaxonConcept ;
    dcterms:title "Giraffa camelopardalis rothschildi sec. Dagg 1971" ;
    tcs:taxonName <zoobank:a3492a30-8739-4b4e-8e6f-5c09e2c34315> ;
    tcs:accordingTo <https://doi.org/10.2307/3503830> ;
    tcs:taxonRank <http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/rank/subspecies> ;
    tcs:parentTaxonConcept _:tc35 ;
    tcs:synonym <zoobank:9cba7e21-4f14-4354-b559-36b7db538c08> .

_:tc41 a tcs:TaxonConcept ;
    dcterms:title "Giraffa camelopardalis tippelskirchi sec. Dagg 1971" ;
    tcs:taxonName _:tn6 ;
    tcs:accordingTo <https://doi.org/10.2307/3503830> ;
    tcs:taxonRank <http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/rank/subspecies> ;
    tcs:parentTaxonConcept _:tc35 ;
    tcs:synonym <zoobank:aed6605c-7811-4260-9c4c-21b26b946e5d> .

_:tc42 a tcs:TaxonConcept ;
    dcterms:title "Giraffa camelopardalis thornicrofti sec. Dagg 1971" ;
    tcs:taxonName _:tn30 ;
    tcs:accordingTo <https://doi.org/10.2307/3503830> ;
    tcs:taxonRank <http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/rank/subspecies> ;
    tcs:parentTaxonConcept _:tc35 .

_:tc43 a tcs:TaxonConcept ;
    dcterms:title "Giraffa camelopardalis angolensis sec. Dagg 1971" ;
    tcs:taxonName <zoobank:c8aeee34-3551-4227-871c-13f2a52bcf02> ;
    tcs:accordingTo <https://doi.org/10.2307/3503830> ;
    tcs:taxonRank <http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/rank/subspecies> ;
    tcs:parentTaxonConcept _:tc35 ;
    tcs:synonym <zoobank:be7a0080-ff1c-4857-a536-6d0016ccc1e8> .

_:tc44 a tcs:TaxonConcept ;
    dcterms:title "Giraffa camelopardalis giraffa sec. Dagg 1971" ;
    tcs:taxonName _:tn31 ;
    tcs:accordingTo <https://doi.org/10.2307/3503830> ;
    tcs:taxonRank <http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/rank/subspecies> ;
    tcs:parentTaxonConcept _:tc35 ;
    tcs:synonym _:tn14 , 
        _:tn15 , 
        <zoobank:0477d1d3-3602-4bec-b4a3-11d108886065> .

Taxon Concept Mappings

The following mappings can be made between the concepts in the IUCN report and the classifications by Groves and Grubb (2011) and Lydekker (1904).

Giraffa sec. IUCN 2025

Giraffa sec. IUCN 2025
≅ Giraffa sec. Dagg 1971

# Giraffa sec. IUCN 2025 == Giraffa sec. Dagg 1971
[] a tcs:TaxonConceptMapping ;
    tcs:subjectTaxonConcept _:tc33 ;
    tcs:mappingRelation tcs:isCongruentWith ;
    tcs:objectTaxonConcept _:tc34 ;
    dcterms:creator <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2224-6821> ;
    dcterms:created "2025-09-01" .

Giraffa camelopardalis sec. IUCN 2025

Giraffa camelopardalis sec. IUCN 2025
< Giraffa camelopardalis sec. Dagg 1971
> Giraffa camelopardalis camelopardalis sec. Dagg 1971
> Giraffa camelopardalis antiquorum sec. Dagg 1971
> Giraffa camelopardalis peralta sec. Dagg 1971
> Giraffa camelopardalis rothschildi sec. Dagg 1971

# Giraffa camelopardalis sec. IUCN 2025 < Giraffa camelopardalis sec. Dagg 1971
[] a tcs:TaxonConceptMapping ;
    tcs:subjectTaxonConcept _:tc20 ;
    tcs:mappingRelation tcs:isIncludedIn ;
    tcs:objectTaxonConcept _:tc35 ;
    dcterms:creator <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2224-6821> ;
    dcterms:created "2025-09-01" .

# Giraffa camelopardalis sec. IUCN 2025 > Giraffa camelopardalis camelopardalis sec. Dagg 1971
[] a tcs:TaxonConceptMapping ;
    tcs:subjectTaxonConcept _:tc20 ;
    tcs:mappingRelation tcs:includes ;
    tcs:objectTaxonConcept _:tc36 ;
    dcterms:creator <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2224-6821> ;
    dcterms:created "2025-09-01" .

# Giraffa camelopardalis sec. IUCN 2025 > Giraffa camelopardalis antiquorum sec. Dagg 1971
[] a tcs:TaxonConceptMapping ;
    tcs:subjectTaxonConcept _:tc20 ;
    tcs:mappingRelation tcs:includes ;
    tcs:objectTaxonConcept _:tc37 ;
    dcterms:creator <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2224-6821> ;
    dcterms:created "2025-09-01" .

# Giraffa camelopardalis sec. IUCN 2025 > Giraffa camelopardalis peralta sec. Dagg 1971
[] a tcs:TaxonConceptMapping ;
    tcs:subjectTaxonConcept _:tc20 ;
    tcs:mappingRelation tcs:includes ;
    tcs:objectTaxonConcept _:tc38 ;
    dcterms:creator <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2224-6821> ;
    dcterms:created "2025-09-01" .

# Giraffa camelopardalis sec. IUCN 2025 > Giraffa camelopardalis rothschildi sec. Dagg 1971
[] a tcs:TaxonConceptMapping ;
    tcs:subjectTaxonConcept _:tc20 ;
    tcs:mappingRelation tcs:includes ;
    tcs:objectTaxonConcept _:tc40 ;
    dcterms:creator <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2224-6821> ;
    dcterms:created "2025-09-01" .

Giraffa camelopardalis peralta sec. IUCN 2025

Giraffa camelopardalis peralta sec. IUCN 2025
< Giraffa camelopardalis sec. Dagg 1971
≅ Giraffa camelopardalis peralta sec. Dagg 1971

# Giraffa camelopardalis peralta sec. IUCN 2025 < Giraffa camelopardalis sec. Dagg 1971
[] a tcs:TaxonConceptMapping ;
    tcs:subjectTaxonConcept _:tc21 ;
    tcs:mappingRelation tcs:isIncludedIn ;
    tcs:objectTaxonConcept _:tc35 ;
    dcterms:creator <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2224-6821> ;
    dcterms:created "2025-09-01" .

# Giraffa camelopardalis peralta sec. IUCN 2025 == Giraffa camelopardalis peralta sec. Dagg 1971
[] a tcs:TaxonConceptMapping ;
    tcs:subjectTaxonConcept _:tc21 ;
    tcs:mappingRelation tcs:isCongruentWith ;
    tcs:objectTaxonConcept _:tc38 ;
    dcterms:creator <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2224-6821> ;
    dcterms:created "2025-09-01" .

Giraffa camelopardalis antiquorum sec. IUCN 2025

Giraffa camelopardalis antiquorum sec. IUCN 2025
< Giraffa camelopardalis sec. Dagg 1971
≅ Giraffa camelopardalis antiquorum sec. Dagg 1971

# Giraffa camelopardalis peralta sec. IUCN 2025 < Giraffa camelopardalis sec. Dagg 1971
[] a tcs:TaxonConceptMapping ;
    tcs:subjectTaxonConcept _:tc22 ;
    tcs:mappingRelation tcs:isIncludedIn ;
    tcs:objectTaxonConcept _:tc35 ;
    dcterms:creator <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2224-6821> ;
    dcterms:created "2025-09-01" .

# Giraffa camelopardalis peralta sec. IUCN 2025 == Giraffa camelopardalis antiquorum sec. Dagg 1971
[] a tcs:TaxonConceptMapping ;
    tcs:subjectTaxonConcept _:tc22 ;
    tcs:mappingRelation tcs:isCongruentWith ;
    tcs:objectTaxonConcept _:tc37 ;
    dcterms:creator <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2224-6821> ;
    dcterms:created "2025-09-01" .

Giraffa camelopardalis camelopardalis sec. IUCN 2025

Giraffa camelopardalis camelopardalis sec. IUCN 2025
< Giraffa camelopardalis sec. Dagg 1971
> Giraffa camelopardalis camelopardalis sec. Dagg 1971
> Giraffa camelopardalis rothschildi sec. Dagg 1971

# Giraffa camelopardalis camelopardais sec. IUCN 2025 < Giraffa camelopardalis sec. Dagg 1971
[] a tcs:TaxonConceptMapping ;
    tcs:subjectTaxonConcept _:tc23 ;
    tcs:mappingRelation tcs:isIncludedIn ;
    tcs:objectTaxonConcept _:tc35 ;
    dcterms:creator <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2224-6821> ;
    dcterms:created "2025-09-01" .

# Giraffa camelopardalis camelopardalis sec. IUCN 2025 > Giraffa camelopardalis camelopardalis sec. Dagg 1971
[] a tcs:TaxonConceptMapping ;
    tcs:subjectTaxonConcept _:tc23 ;
    tcs:mappingRelation tcs:includes ;
    tcs:objectTaxonConcept _:tc36 ;
    dcterms:creator <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2224-6821> ;
    dcterms:created "2025-09-01" .

# Giraffa camelopardalis camelopardalis sec. IUCN 2025 > Giraffa camelopardalis rothschildi sec. Dagg 1971
[] a tcs:TaxonConceptMapping ;
    tcs:subjectTaxonConcept _:tc23 ;
    tcs:mappingRelation tcs:includes ;
    tcs:objectTaxonConcept _:tc40 ;
    dcterms:creator <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2224-6821> ;
    dcterms:created "2025-09-01" .

Giraffa reticulata sec. IUCN 2025

Giraffa reticulata sec. IUCN 2025
< Giraffa camelopardalis sec. Dagg 1971
≅ Giraffa camelopardalis reticulata sec. Dagg 1971

# Giraffa reticulata sec. IUCN 2025 < Giraffa camelopardalis sec. Dagg 1971
[] a tcs:TaxonConceptMapping ;
    tcs:subjectTaxonConcept _:tc24 ;
    tcs:mappingRelation tcs:isIncludedIn ;
    tcs:objectTaxonConcept _:tc35 ;
    dcterms:creator <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2224-6821> ;
    dcterms:created "2025-09-01" .

# Giraffa reticulata sec. IUCN 2025 == Giraffa camelopardalis reticulata sec. Dagg 1971
[] a tcs:TaxonConceptMapping ;
    tcs:subjectTaxonConcept _:tc24 ;
    tcs:mappingRelation tcs:isCongruentWith ;
    tcs:objectTaxonConcept _:tc39 ;
    dcterms:creator <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2224-6821> ;
    dcterms:created "2025-09-01" .

Giraffa tippelskirchi sec. IUCN 2025

Giraffa tippelskirchi sec. IUCN 2025
< Giraffa camelopardalis sec. Dagg 1971
> Giraffa camelopardalis tippelskirchi sec. Dagg 1971
> Giraffa camelopardalis thornicrofti sec. Dagg 1971

# Giraffa tippelskirchi sec. IUCN 2025 < Giraffa camelopardalis sec. Dagg 1971
[] a tcs:TaxonConceptMapping ;
    tcs:subjectTaxonConcept _:tc25 ;
    tcs:mappingRelation tcs:isIncludedIn ;
    tcs:objectTaxonConcept _:tc35 ;
    dcterms:creator <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2224-6821> ;
    dcterms:created "2025-09-01" .

# Giraffa tippelskirchi sec. IUCN 2025 > Giraffa camelopardalis tippelskirchi sec. Dagg 1971
[] a tcs:TaxonConceptMapping ;
    tcs:subjectTaxonConcept _:tc25 ;
    tcs:mappingRelation tcs:includes ;
    tcs:objectTaxonConcept _:tc41 ;
    dcterms:creator <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2224-6821> ;
    dcterms:created "2025-09-01" .

# Giraffa tippelskirchi sec. IUCN 2025 > Giraffa camelopardalis thornicrofti sec. Dagg 1971
[] a tcs:TaxonConceptMapping ;
    tcs:subjectTaxonConcept _:tc21 ;
    tcs:mappingRelation tcs:includes ;
    tcs:objectTaxonConcept _:tc42 ;
    dcterms:creator <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2224-6821> ;
    dcterms:created "2025-09-01" .

Giraffa tippelskirchi tippelskirchi sec. IUCN 2025

Giraffa tippelskirchi tippelskirchi sec. IUCN 2025
< Giraffa camelopardalis sec. Dagg 1971
≅ Giraffa camelopardalis tippelskirchi

# Giraffa tippelskirchi tippelskirchi sec. IUCN 2025 < Giraffa camelopardalis sec. Dagg 1971
[] a tcs:TaxonConceptMapping ;
    tcs:subjectTaxonConcept _:tc26 ;
    tcs:mappingRelation tcs:includes ;
    tcs:objectTaxonConcept _:tc35 ;
    dcterms:creator <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2224-6821> ;
    dcterms:created "2025-09-01" .

# Giraffa tippelskirchi tippelskirchi sec. IUCN 2025 == Giraffa camelopardalis tippelskirchi sec. Dagg 1971
[] a tcs:TaxonConceptMapping ;
    tcs:subjectTaxonConcept _:tc26 ;
    tcs:mappingRelation tcs:isCongruentWith ;
    tcs:objectTaxonConcept _:tc41 ;
    dcterms:creator <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2224-6821> ;
    dcterms:created "2025-09-01" .

Giraffa tippelskirchi thornicrofti sec. IUCN 2025

Giraffa tippelskirchi thornicrofti sec. IUCN 2025
< Giraffa camelopardalis sec. Dagg 1971
≅ Giraffa camelopardalis thornicrofti sec. Dagg 1971

# Giraffa tippelskirchi thornicrofti sec. IUCN 2025 < Giraffa camelopardalis sec. Dagg 1971
[] a tcs:TaxonConceptMapping ;
    tcs:subjectTaxonConcept _:tc27 ;
    tcs:mappingRelation tcs:includes ;
    tcs:objectTaxonConcept _:tc35 ;
    dcterms:creator <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2224-6821> ;
    dcterms:created "2025-09-01" .

# Giraffa tippelskirchi thornicrofti sec. IUCN 2025 == Giraffa camelopardalis thornicrofti sec. Dagg 1971
[] a tcs:TaxonConceptMapping ;
    tcs:subjectTaxonConcept _:tc27 ;
    tcs:mappingRelation tcs:isCongruentWith ;
    tcs:objectTaxonConcept _:tc42 ;
    dcterms:creator <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2224-6821> ;
    dcterms:created "2025-09-01" .

Giraffa giraffa sec. IUCN 2025

Giraffa giraffa sec. IUCN 2025
< Giraffa camelopardalis sec. Dagg 1971
> Giraffa camelopardalis angolensis sec. Dagg 1971
> Giraffa camelopardalis giraffa sec. Dagg 1971

# Giraffa giraffa sec. IUCN 2025 < Giraffa camelopardalis sec. Dagg 1971
[] a tcs:TaxonConceptMapping ;
    tcs:subjectTaxonConcept _:tc28 ;
    tcs:mappingRelation tcs:includes ;
    tcs:objectTaxonConcept _:tc35 ;
    dcterms:creator <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2224-6821> ;
    dcterms:created "2025-09-01" .

# Giraffa giraffa sec. IUCN 2025 > Giraffa camelopardalis angolensis sec. Dagg 1971
[] a tcs:TaxonConceptMapping ;
    tcs:subjectTaxonConcept _:tc26 ;
    tcs:mappingRelation tcs:includes ;
    tcs:objectTaxonConcept _:tc43 ;
    dcterms:creator <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2224-6821> ;
    dcterms:created "2025-09-01" .

# Giraffa giraffa sec. IUCN 2025 > Giraffa camelopardalis giraffa sec. Dagg 1971
[] a tcs:TaxonConceptMapping ;
    tcs:subjectTaxonConcept _:tc26 ;
    tcs:mappingRelation tcs:includes ;
    tcs:objectTaxonConcept _:tc44 ;
    dcterms:creator <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2224-6821> ;
    dcterms:created "2025-09-01" .

Giraffa giraffa giraffa sec. IUCN 2025

Giraffa giraffa giraffa sec. IUCN 2025
> Giraffa camelopardalis sec. Dagg 1971
≅ Giraffa camelopardalis giraffa sec. Dagg 1971

# Giraffa giraffa giraffa sec. IUCN 2025 < Giraffa camelopardalis sec. Dagg 1971
[] a tcs:TaxonConceptMapping ;
    tcs:subjectTaxonConcept _:tc29 ;
    tcs:mappingRelation tcs:includes ;
    tcs:objectTaxonConcept _:tc35 ;
    dcterms:creator <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2224-6821> ;
    dcterms:created "2025-09-01" .

# Giraffa giraffa sec. IUCN 2025 == Giraffa camelopardalis giraffa sec. Dagg 1971
[] a tcs:TaxonConceptMapping ;
    tcs:subjectTaxonConcept _:tc29 ;
    tcs:mappingRelation tcs:isCongruentWith ;
    tcs:objectTaxonConcept _:tc44 ;
    dcterms:creator <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2224-6821> ;
    dcterms:created "2025-09-01" .

Giraffa giraffa angolensis sec. IUCN 2025

Giraffa giraffa angolensis sec. IUCN 2025
> Giraffa camelopardalis sec. Dagg 1971
≅ Giraffa camelopardalis angolensis sec. Dagg 1971

# Giraffa giraffa angolensis sec. IUCN 2025 < Giraffa camelopardalis sec. Dagg 1971
[] a tcs:TaxonConceptMapping ;
    tcs:subjectTaxonConcept _:tc30 ;
    tcs:mappingRelation tcs:includes ;
    tcs:objectTaxonConcept _:tc35 ;
    dcterms:creator <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2224-6821> ;
    dcterms:created "2025-09-01" .

# Giraffa giraffa angolensis sec. IUCN 2025 == Giraffa camelopardalis angolensis sec. Dagg 1971
[] a tcs:TaxonConceptMapping ;
    tcs:subjectTaxonConcept _:tc26 ;
    tcs:mappingRelation tcs:isCongruentWith ;
    tcs:objectTaxonConcept _:tc43 ;
    dcterms:creator <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2224-6821> ;
    dcterms:created "2025-09-01" .

Full code in GitHub

TurTLe | JSON-LD | Data Package CoLDP

The CoLDP has been uploaded to ChecklistBank: data set 312143

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